7 types of purity

 

english vocab

 coherent, articulate and succulent

• Coherent: Ideas flow smoothly and logically, making the message easy to follow.
• Articulate: Thoughts and feelings are expressed clearly and effectively, ensuring understanding. It involves using precise language, speaking with confidence, and avoiding filler words.
• Succinct: The message is conveyed in as few words as possible without sacrificing clarity or necessary detail

with great zeel and enthusiasm 

Learn Sanskrit - Week 3

 

Prayers

 Prayers https://sanskritguide.com/classic-chants-to-enjoy/

https://sanskritguide.com/classic-chants-to-enjoy/#1-9

Gaṇeśa Invocation (Gaṇapati Prarthanā)

गणानां          त्वा      गणपतिं           हवामहे
gaṇānāṁ     tvā       gaṇapatiṁ      havāmahe

कविं       कवीनामुपम श्रवस्तमम् ।
kaviṁ    kavīnām  upamaśrava  stamam |

ज्येष्ठराजं                  ब्रह्मणां              ब्रह्मणस्पत
jyeṣṭharājaṁ          brahmaṇāṁ      brahmaṇaspata

आ नः      शृण्वन्नूतिभिः                  सीद      सादनम् ॥
ā naḥ      śṛṇvannūtibhiḥ            sīda      sādanam ||

Lord Ganesh

गजाननं भूतगणादि सेवितं
कपित्थ जम्बूफलसार भक्षितम्
उमासुतं शोक विनाशकारणं
नमामि विघ्नेश्वर पादपङ्कजम् ॥

Gajananam Bhuta Ganadhi Sevitam
Kapittha Jambu Palasara Bhaksitam |
Uma Sutam Shoka Vinasha Karanam
Namami Vignesvara Pada Pankajam ||

Meaning:

1: (I Salute) Sri Gajananam ( Who is having an Elephant Face ), Who is Served by the Bhuta Ganas (Celestial Attendants or Followers) and Others,
2: Who Eats the Core of Kapittha (Wood Apple) and Jambu (Rose Apple) Fruits,
3: Who is the Son of Devi Uma (Devi Parvati) and the Cause of Destruction of Sorrows,
4: I Prostrate at the Lotus-Feet of Vigneshwara ( the God Who Removes Obstacles ).

Mother Saraswati,

Veena Dharay Vipula Mangal Daan Sheelay

Bhaktaari Naashini Viranchi Hareesh Vandayay

Kirti Praday Akhila Manorathday Mahaarhay

Vidha Pradaayini Saraswati Nowmi Nityam.

Oh Mother Saraswati, whose veena is ever with you making the music of the spheres, who grants good fortune to all, who removes the afflictions of her devotees, who is revered by Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva, who is the giver of fame, who grants all wishes, who showers respect and knowledge on all. Oh Mother, Goddess of learning please bless and protect me throughout the night and day

Mother Lakshmi

Om Lakshmi Karo Tu Kalyanam, ⠀

Arogyam Sukh Sampadam ⠀

Mama Shatru Vinashayea, ⠀

Deep Jyotir Namostute.⠀

⠀

O Lakshmi Maa, you are the source of true happiness, the remover of all forms of illness and the bestower of prosperity. Please help me Maa, help me rid myself of all internal enemies. We bow to this light, which is symbolic of your presence. Lakshmi Maa is the Goddess of wealth and prosperity. Wealth is a vital ingredient bestowed upon us for the maintenance and progress in our lives. It is much more than just having money. It can mean abundance in knowledge, in skills, talents and so on. ⠀

⠀

The word 'Lakshmi’ implies the complete spiritual well-being of a person. The goddess is often depicted as being seated on a lotus in water. Water by nature flows. Similarly, wealth gets its value if it is serving some purpose and not kept stagnant. The lotus is stable though the water is flowing. This represents stability in dynamism.⠀

OM SIDDHI BUDDHI PRADE DEVI, BHUKTI MUKTI PRADAAYINI,
MANTRA MURTE SADAA DEVI, MAHAA LAKSHMI NAMOS-TUTE.
"Oh Devi, Thou art the giver of intelligence and success. Bless us so that we can have enjoyment in this world and salvation hereafter. Thou hast always the mystic Mantras as Thy form. Oh Lakshmi Mata! We bow to Thee always."

Mother Kali

Om Jayanti Mangala Kali,

Bhadrakali Kapalini,

Durga Kshama Shiva Dhatri,

Svaha Svadha Namostuthe.“

Translation:

Om. She Who Conquers Over All,

All-Auspicious,

The Remover of Darkness,

The Excellent One Beyond Time,

The Bearer of the Skulls of impure thought,

The Reliever of difficulties,

Loving, Forgiveness,

Supporter of the Universe,

may You accept the oblations of the devotee,

may You the oblations of ancestral praise,

We bow to You.

“Om Jayanti Mangala Kali” is a special prayer in honor of Goddess Durga. Practicing this soothing Mantra fills in you, courage, power, and strength making you more powerful than your present problems and be able to solve them quickly and without any prolems in life effects.

Lord Krishna

वसुदेवसुतं देवं कंसचाणूरमर्दनम् ।

देवकी परमानन्दं कृष्णं वंदे जगद्गुरुम् ।।

vasudevasutaṃ devaṃ kaṃsacāṇūramardanam .

devakī paramānandaṃ kṛṣṇaṃ vaṃde jagadgurum ..

Son of Vasudeva, divine lord, the killer of Kamsa and Chaanura, the cause of supreme happiness of mother Devaki, we bow to Krishna, the Guru (teacher) of the universe.

Lord Rama

रामाय रामभद्राय रामचंद्राय वेधसे । रघुनाथाय नाथाय सीतायाः पतये नमः ॥

rāmāya rāmabhadrāya rāmacaṃdrāya vedhase . raghunāthāya nāthāya sītāyāḥ pataye namaḥ ..

Salutations to Rama who is also known as Ramabhadra and Ramachandra, who is mentioned in Vedas as the greatest lord of Raghuvansha and the whole world, and who is the consort of Sita. (or) I salute that Rama who is benevolent (good and protecting) and peaceful as the moon, and who is the lord of Sita and the master guardian of all

Lord Shiva
Atma tvam girija matih sahacharah
pranah shariram grham
puja te vishayo pabhogar chana
nidra samadhisthitih
sancharah padayoh pradakshinavidhih
stotrani sarvagiro
yadyatkarma karomi tattadakhilam
shambho tavaradhanam

You are my soul. The goddess Parvati is my buddhi (reason/mind). My five pranas are your attendants. My body is your abode. All the objects of sense pleasures are for your worship. My sleep is your state of samadhi. Wherever I walk I am walking around you. Everything I say is in praise of you. Everything I do is in devotion to you O benevolent Lord!

~ from Shivamanaspuja

ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात्पूर्णमुदच्यते ।

पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ॥

ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥

Om Puurnnam-Adah Puurnnam-Idam Puurnnaat-Puurnnam-Udacyate |
Puurnnasya Puurnnam-Aadaaya Puurnnam-Eva-Avashissyate ||
Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih ||

om puurnamadah 
puurnamidam
Purnaat
Puurnamudacyate
Puurnasya
Puurnamaadaaya
Puurname vaavassisyate 

Om Saantih Saantih Saantih

Meaning:

1: Om, That (Outer World) is Purna (Full with Divine Consciousness); This (Inner World) is also Purna (Full with Divine Consciousness); From Purna is manifested Purna (From the Fullness of Divine Consciousness the World is manifested),

2: Taking Purna from Purna, Purna indeed remains (Because Divine Consciousness is Non-Dual and Infinite),

3: Om, Peace, Peace, Peace.

ॐ अ॒सतो मा स॒द्गमय ।
त॒मसो मा ज्यो॒तिर्गमय ।
मृत्यो॒र्मामृ॒तं गमय  मृत्यो॒र्माऽमृ॒तं गमय ।
ॐ शान्तिः॒ शान्तिः॒ शान्तिः॑ ॥

oṁ a̱sato mā sa̱dgamaya |
ta̱maso mā jyo̱tir gamaya |
mṛtyo̱rmā’mṛ̱taṁ gamaya |
oṁ śānti̱ḥ śāntiḥ śānti̍ḥ |

oṁ a̱–sa–to mā sa̱d–ga–ma–ya |
ta̱–ma–so mā jyo̱–tir ga–ma–ya |
mṛt–yo̱r–mā’–mṛ̱–taṁ ga–ma–ya |
oṁ śān–ti̱ḥ śān–tiḥ śān–ti̍ḥ |

Translation
Lead me from the unreal to the real,
Lead me from darkness to the light.
Lead me from death to the eternal.
Oṁ, peace, peace, peace.

oṁ sa̱ha nā̍vavatu |
sa̱ha nau̍ bhunaktu |
sa̱ha vī̱ryaṁ̍ karavāvahai |
te̱ja̱svinā̱vadhī̍tamastu̱ |
mā vidviṣā̱vahai̎ |
oṁ śānti̱ḥ śānti̱ḥ śānti̍ḥ ||

….. with guru syllables in bold ……

oṁ sa̱–ha nā̍–va–va–tu |
sa̱–ha nau̍ bhu–nak–tu |
sa̱–ha vī̱r–yaṁ̍ ka–ra–vā–va–hai |
te̱–ja̱s–vi–nā̱–va–dhī̍–ta–mas–tu̱ |
mā vid–vi–ṣā̱–va–hai̎ |
oṁ śān–ti̱ḥ śān–ti̱ḥ śān–ti̍ḥ  || 

Translation 
Oṁ, may we be protected.
May we enjoy.
May we work together with vigor.
May our studies illumine us.
May we have no contention or hostility betwīn us.
Oṁ, peace, peace, peace.

Daily Prayer Ganesha Prayer - Vakratunda Each morning, we awaken with Devi’s energy in our palms. We bow to Mother Earth… We thank the sacred waters… We light the flame of inner awareness… We honor the breath and the divine light. And now, we invoke Lord Ganesha — The remover of obstacles, the guardian of all beginnings. The elephant head represents wisdom and the infinite power within us. The mouse represents our restless minds. The infinite power within us can only be achieved to do great positive good if we control our mind and guide it appropriately. We pray to Ganesha to remove obstacles. 🔸 Sanskrit वक्रतुण्ड महाकाय सूर्यकोटि समप्रभ। निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा॥ 🔸 Transliteration Vakratuṇḍa Mahākāya Sūryakoṭi Samaprabha Nirvighnaṁ Kuru Me Deva Sarvakāryeṣu Sarvadā 🔸 Meaning “O Lord with the curved trunk and mighty form, Radiant like a million suns — Please remove all obstacles from my path, In everything I do, always.” May your day be smooth, sacred, and full of clarity.

Honoring the Guru

After offering our prayers to Ganesh Ji, the remover of obstacles, and to Saraswati Mata, the goddess of knowledge and wisdom, we now turn our attention to the Guru — the divine teacher and guide.

The Guru is the one who imparts the wisdom that makes these prayers meaningful, who opens our eyes to beauty, truth, and purpose in life. If you have a personal Guru, take a moment to think of them with gratitude and reverence.

If not, offer your prayers to the great Acharyas and spiritual masters who have illumined the path for all seekers — Adi Shankaracharya, Ramanujacharya, Madhvacharya, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, and the countless realized souls who have guided humanity through their teachings and lives.

Here is a timeless Sanskrit verse in praise of the Guru:

गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः गुरुर्देवो महेश्वरः। गुरुः साक्षात् परं ब्रह्म तस्मै श्रीगुरवे नमः॥ Transliteration: Gurur Brahmā Gurur Viṣṇuḥ Gurur Devo Maheśvaraḥ। Guruḥ sākṣāt paraṁ Brahma tasmai śrīgurave namaḥ॥ Meaning: “The Guru is Brahma, the creator; The Guru is Vishnu, the sustainer; The Guru is Maheshwara, the destroyer; The Guru is the very embodiment of the Supreme Reality. To that revered Guru, I offer my humble salutations.” The Guru is the bridge between the formless and the form, the living embodiment of the Ultimate Truth, who lovingly guides the soul from darkness to light, from ignorance to wisdom. May the blessings of the Guru be with you always. Mangalam. Shubham.

ॐ अज्ञानतिमिरान्धस्य ज्ञानाञ्जनशलाकया ।
चक्षुरुन्मीलितं येन तस्मै श्रीगुरवे नमः ॥

om ajñāna-timirāndhasya jñānāñjana-śalākayā
chakṣur unmīlitaṁ yena tasmai śrī-gurave namaḥ

om–[A prayerful invocation:] namaḥ–I offer obeisance tasmai–unto him, śrī-gurave–the divine master, yena–by whom [my] chakṣuḥ–eyes andhasya–blinded timira–by the cataract ajñāna–of ignorance [have been] unmilitam–opened śalākayā–with the wand [used to apply] añjana–the collyrium jñāna–of knowledge.

I offer obeisance unto Śrī Guru, who has opened my eyes, which were blinded by the cataract of ignorance, with the collyrium of knowledge.

Daily Prayers - Shanti Mantra

You should end the morning prayer routine with a Shanti mantra or prayer for peace. Here is a beautiful Shanti Mantra

सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः सर्वे सन्तु निरामयाः। सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु मा कश्चिद्दुःखभाग्भवेत्॥

Transliteration: Sarve bhavantu sukhinaḥ Sarve santu nirāmayāḥ Sarve bhadrāṇi paśyantu Mā kaścid duḥkha-bhāg bhavet

Meaning: May all beings be happy. May all be free from disease. May all see only auspiciousness. May no one suffer in any way

End the prayer with ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः॥ Om Shāntiḥ Shāntiḥ Shāntiḥ Invoking peace in body (adhyatmika), environment (adhibhautika), and cosmos (adhidaivika).

Daily Prayers - Saraswathi

So far in our morning prayer journey, we’ve awakened the divine in our palms with Karagre Vasate Lakshmi, invoked the blessings of Mother Earth with Samudra Vasane Devi, and honored the sacred rivers with Gange Cha Yamune Chaiva. We then turned inward to our breath and light, chanting the Gayatri Mantra and Shubham Karoti, and prayed to Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles, to help us walk the path of clarity and positivity.

Now, we turn to Mother Saraswati — Goddess of wisdom, speech, learning, and inner brilliance. May her grace guide our thoughts, actions, and communication today so they are pure, clear, and filled with insight. Here is a beautiful and beloved

Sanskrit prayer to her:

या कुन्देन्दुतुषारहारधवला या शुभ्रवस्त्रावृता। या वीणावरदण्डमण्डितकरा या श्वेतपद्मासना॥ या ब्रह्माच्युतशङ्करप्रभृतिभिर्देवैः सदा वन्दिता। सा मां पातु सरस्वती भगवती निःशेषजाड्यापहा॥ Transliteration: Yā kundendu-tuṣāra-hāra-dhavalā yā śubhra-vastrā-vṛtā Yā vīṇā-vara-daṇḍa-maṇḍita-karā yā śveta-padmāsanā। Yā brahmācyuta-śaṅkara-prabhṛtibhir devaiḥ sadā vanditā Sā māṁ pātu Sarasvatī Bhagavatī niḥśeṣa-jāḍyāpahā॥ Meaning:

“She who wears a necklace as white like the jasmine flower, the moon; She who is adorned in radiant white garments; She who holds the veena and the gesture of blessing in her hands; She who is seated upon a white lotus; She who is forever worshipped by Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, and the gods— May that divine Goddess Saraswati protect me and dispel all ignorance and dullness of mind.”

May Mother Saraswati bless you with clarity of thought, purity in words, and brilliance in action — today and always.

https://greenmesg.org/sanskrit_online_tools/sanskrit_writing_pad.php

ब्रह्ममुरारिसुरार्चितलिङ्गम् निर्मलभासितशोभितलिङ्गम् ।
जन्मजदुःखविनाशकलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥१॥

देवमुनिप्रवरार्चितलिङ्गम् कामदहम् करुणाकरलिङ्गम् ।
रावणदर्पविनाशनलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥२॥

सर्वसुगन्धिसुलेपितलिङ्गम् बुद्धिविवर्धनकारणलिङ्गम् ।
सिद्धसुरासुरवन्दितलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥३॥

कनकमहामणिभूषितलिङ्गम् फणिपतिवेष्टितशोभितलिङ्गम् ।
दक्षसुयज्ञविनाशनलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥४॥

कुङ्कुमचन्दनलेपितलिङ्गम् पङ्कजहारसुशोभितलिङ्गम् ।
सञ्चितपापविनाशनलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥५॥

देवगणार्चितसेवितलिङ्गम् भावैर्भक्तिभिरेव च लिङ्गम् ।
दिनकरकोटिप्रभाकरलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥६॥

अष्टदलोपरिवेष्टितलिङ्गम् सर्वसमुद्भवकारणलिङ्गम् ।
अष्टदरिद्रविनाशितलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥७॥

सुरगुरुसुरवरपूजितलिङ्गम् सुरवनपुष्पसदार्चितलिङ्गम् ।
परात्परं परमात्मकलिङ्गम् तत् प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम् ॥८॥

लिङ्गाष्टकमिदं पुण्यं यः पठेत् शिवसन्निधौ ।
शिवलोकमवाप्नोति शिवेन सह मोदते ॥

Meaning:

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is worshipped by Brahma, Vishnu and other Devas,
Which is pure and resplendent,
And which destroys sorrows of birth.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is worshipped by great sages and devas,
Which destroyed the god of love,
Which showers mercy,
And which destroyed the pride of Ravana.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is anointed by perfumes,
Which leads to growth of wisdom,
And which is worshipped by sages, devas and asuras.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is ornamented by gold and great jewels,
Which shines with the snake being with it,
And which destroyed the Yagna of Daksha.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is adorned by sandal paste and saffron,
Which wears the garland of lotus flowers,
And which can destroy accumulated sins.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is served by gods and other beings,
Which is the doorway for devotion and good thought,
And which shines like billions of Suns.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is surrounded by eight petals,
Which is the prime reason of all riches,
And which destroys eight types of poverty.

I bow before that Lingam, which is the eternal Shiva,
Which is worshipped by the teacher of gods,
Which is worshipped by the best of gods,
Which is always worshipped by the flowers,
From the garden of Gods,
Which is the eternal abode,
And which is the ultimate truth.

Any one who chants the holy octet of the Lingam,
In the holy presence of Lord Shiva,
Would in the end reach the world of Shiva,
And keep him company.

samskrtam

 

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trya̍mbakaṁ yajāmahe suga̲ndhiṁ pu̍ṣṭi̱vardha̍nam

त्र्य॑म्बकं यजामहे सुग॒न्धिं पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑नम् ।

उ॒र्वा॒रु॒कमि॑व॒ बन्ध॑नान्मृ॒त्योर्मु॑क्षीय॒ माऽमृता᳚त् ।

trya̍mbakaṁ yajāmahe suga̲ndhiṁ pu̍ṣṭi̱vardha̍nam |

u̲rvā̲ru̲kami̍va̲ bandha̍nānmṛtyormu̍kṣīya̲ mā’mṛtā̎t ||

Meaning:

We worship the Three-eyed One, Lord Shiva, who is full of fragrance and who nourishes all beings. May He liberate me from mortality, for the sake of immortality, just as a cucumber is severed from its bondage to the vine.

Let the sacred vibrations heal and uplift.

Sanskrit mantras and their profound meanings.

To learn Sanskrit, visit: https://chinfo.org/all-courses/easy-sanskrit-course-level-1-online-mode/ 

Sanskrit - Alphabet

 

homework - Class 6

 

Homework:

Part 1

1. Listen to the Rama declension recording once (use your declension table to read along)

2. Listen to the Rama declension recording 9 more times - and say it along with me each time (use your declension table to read along)

3. Record yourself saying the Rama declension table and then listen and make sure you are saying it right!! You can re-record till you get it perfect :) 

Part 2: Sentences

1. Write the correct cases and numbers for each noun

2. Convert all nouns to the appropriate Rama declension

Part 3: Corrections

- Check your 1.8 homework and make necessary corrections

Homework - Week 2 Class 5

 1. The book is on the shelf in the library secret room

The 'Rama' is on the 'Rama' in the 'Rama' secret 'Rama'

2. Oh Rama, my glasses fell from the table

Oh Rama, my 'Rama' fell from the 'Rama'

3. Gurudev's Paduka are on the alter

'Rama' 'Rama' are on the 'Rama'

4. The girls drew unicorns and rainbows with their shiney markers

5. I lost my new phone in the trench.

I lost my new 'Rama'  in the 'Rama' .

6. There is some ghee in the fridge

There is some 'Rama' in the 'Rama'

7. Hanuman Ji when to the playground and found the missing piece of the puzzle

'Rama' when to the 'Rama' and found the missing piece of the 'Rama'

8. Pujya Gurudev lived in the himalayas for many years with his guru

 'Rama' lived in the 'Rama' for many years with 'Rama' 'Rama'

9. Oh Devas. the Lord manifests beautiful lotuses with the 5 elements for people enjoyment

Oh'Rama' the 'Rama' manifests beautiful 'Rama' with the 5 elements for 'Rama' enjoyment

10. The sun illuminates the world with light for all.

The 'Rama' illuminates the 'Rama' with light for 'Rama'.

11. Herds of deer dewll in the lonely forest

 Herds of 'Rama' dewll in the lonely 'Rama'

12. Herds of elephants go into the forest from the lake

Herds of 'Rama' go into the 'Rama' from the 'Rama'

भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जय: | bhavānbhīṣhmaśhcha karṇaśhcha kṛipaśhcha samitiñjayaḥ

bhavān—yourself; 

bhīṣhmaḥ—Bheeshma; cha—and; 

karṇaḥ—Karna; cha—and; 

kṛipaḥ—Kripa; cha—and; 

samitim-jayaḥ—victorious in battle;

अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च || 8||

aśhvatthāmā vikarṇaśhcha saumadattis tathaiva cha

aśhvatthāmā—Ashvatthama; 

vikarṇaḥ—Vikarna; cha—and; 

saumadattiḥ—Bhurishrava; tathā—thus; eva—even; cha—also

          singular Dual Plural

Nomative (subject): य: S

Accusative (Object):

Instrumental (by, with, through, because of, due to Ram :

Dative (for/to Rama):

Ablative From:

Genitive of Rama:

locative in, on, at rama:

vocative Oh rama:

1. Write down the Rama declension table on an index card/flash card/separate paper that you can keep in a folder for reference (be very careful to not make mistakes)

2. Replace all nouns and pronouns with 'Rama' in the 12 english homework sentences

3. See how many Rama declensions you can find in the shloka above!

4. Gita 1.8

Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 8

 Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 8 

भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जय: | bhavānbhīṣhmaśhcha karṇaśhcha kṛipaśhcha samitiñjayaḥ

bhavān—yourself; 
bhīṣhmaḥ—Bheeshma; cha—and; 
karṇaḥ—Karna; cha—and; 
kṛipaḥ—Kripa; cha—and; 
samitim-jayaḥ—victorious in battle;

अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च || 8||

aśhvatthāmā vikarṇaśhcha saumadattis tathaiva cha

aśhvatthāmā—Ashvatthama; 
vikarṇaḥ—Vikarna; cha—and; 
saumadattiḥ—Bhurishrava; tathā—thus; eva—even; cha—also

          singular Dual Plural

Normative (subject): य: S

Accusative (Object):

Instrumental (by, with, through, because of, due to Ram :

Dative (for/to Rama):

Ablative From:

Genitive of Rama:

locative in, on, at rama:

vocative Oh rama:

1. Write down the Rama declension table on an index card/flash card/separate paper that you can keep in a folder for reference (be very careful to not make mistakes)

2. Replace all nouns and pronouns with 'Rama' in the 12 english homework sentences

3. See how many Rama declensions you can find in the shloka above!

4. Gita 1.8

Sanskrit Grammar - Noun Declension

Sanckrit Grammar - Noun Declension 

The girl desires god.  Vs.  The god desires the girl

• In English the order of the words changing the meaning of the sentence. 
• In Sanskrit, because of DECLENSION, the order of the words does NOT change the meaning!

Gramatical funcion of Noun is indicated by special termination CASE ENDINGS
eg.

Noun पुत्र (son- Putra)

when Son is SUBJECT it becomes  पुत्र:

and पुत्र with its a DIRECT OBJECT

Noun GNC 338

Gender: Masculine, Feminine, Neuter
Number: Singular, Duel, Plural
Case:

1. Nomative /subject         THE BOY reads the book
2. Accusative /Object        The boy reads THE BOOK
3. Instrumental /By/With     The boy reads the book WITH GLASSES
4. Dative  /To               The boy reads the book TO THE GIRL
5. Alabtive  / From          The boy reads the book FROM THE SHELF
6. Gentitive /Of             The boy reads THE GIRL's BOOK
7. Locative
8. Vocative /Used for Direct address    SON  read the book

पुत्र

Masculine     Singular Dual         Plural

Nominative     putraḥ         putrau         putrāḥ

Accusative     putram         putrau         putrān

Instrumental     putreṇa putrābhyām putraiḥ putrebhiḥ

Dative             putrāya putrābhyām putrebhyaḥ

Ablative             putrāt         putrābhyām putrebhyaḥ

Genitive             putrasya putrayoḥ         putrāṇām

Locative             putre         putrayoḥ         putreṣu

Vocative             putra         putrau         putrāḥ

https://sanskritabhyas.in/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6-%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA

Irregular Devanagari Conjunct ligature

 

Irregular Devanagari  

First letter	Second letter	Conjunct ligature
क् (k)	ष (ṣa)	क्ष (kṣa)
त् (t)	त (ta)	त्त (tta)
त् (t)	र (ra)	त्र (tra)
ज् (j)	ञ (ña)	ज्ञ (jña)
द् (d)	द (da)	द्द (dda)
द् (d)	ध (dha)	द्ध (ddha)
द् (d)	य (ya)	द्य (dya)
द् (d)	व (va)	द्व (dva)
श् (ś)	र (ra)	श्र (śra)
ह् (h)	म (ma)	ह्म (hma)